The European Water Framework Directive (WFD) is the most important directive ever passed by the EU for the protection of natural water resources. Unfortunately, wherever water is required to meet quality standards, the quality is only determined according to eco-toxicological criteria. Hygienic and microbiological criteria, which are important for the sustainable provision of drinking water, are completely missing. This means that substances, which affect drinking water are ignored and there are no incentives to reduce them.